Football

                                    Biologie

Since 1969 the balls are made out of polyester   

with latex on it. Before they were made of  

Leather. Some processes of the production

create hazardous gases. Because there is gas the

workers have to wear Gas Masks. If they don`t

wear masks they will become ill. In the worst case they
can die. Also the workers have to work very long hours.
That can cause serious health problems.

Brazuca ,the World Cup Ball of Brazil 2014, had toxic substances in it.

Chemistry:     
x

                                                     

Physics:  

Shots from a great distance can certainly be held if the goalkeeper is able to assess the trajectory of the ball well. The longer the ball is in the air, the easier it should be.

First of all, only the simplest case should be dealt with, in which influences of air resistance, of the wind or of a possible twist on the flight curve are not taken into account. All these influences on the flight curve of the ball are usually quite large and make the ball flight through the air to a very complex.

The calculation of the flight curve depends on two parameters at the beginning: the departure speed v0 and the launch angle ⍺0. The firing speed in the above example is quite high with v0 = 100 km / h and forever the story of a license and not a "lifter". That does not matter, since the principle is to be explained. In the end we come back again. The starting angle was chosen to be ⍺0 = 45 °. During the flight through the air the various forces invade the ball, of which we only want to take into account the downward gravitational force of the earth. Every object on earth, including a flying soccer ball, is displaced to the center of the earth with the gravitational acceleration of g = 9.81 m / s2 and briefly tightened.

The physical process:

Geographie    75% of the balls were produced in Pakistan (Sialkot) that are 40mio.One ball costs 7 euro to produce it. The people who produce the balls get 50ct.  Kids aren’t allowed to produce some balls. Now they work in some other factory                                                                                                   

The People who Work in  the football industry earn one thousand euros a year .

                                                                           

                                 Leather

    Leather is created by tanning animal skins

PVC

Footballs are made of pvc or leather.PVC is water-resistant and toxic, because the vinyl-chromolide contained in the pvc is poisonous, besides pvc is used as softener for leather.

      It’s flame retardant, also air resistant and taste- and odourless.

      Different Things between helium and air:

   

     Air consists of nydrogen(78,08%), oxygen(20,95%)      and some noble gases(0,93%).

  Here are the profiles of oxygen and nydrogen:

Oxygen:                                  Nydrogen:

    symbol O                                   symbol N

   atomic number 8                    atomic number 7

  sluggish in reaction               sluggish in reaction

    invisible                                     invisible

    colourless                                 colourless

    odourless                                  odourless

    tasteless                                    tasteless

main group 6, chalcogen             main group 5, metaloid

  Helium is the most inert element and ligther than air.

         Here is the profile of helium:

Helium:

Symbol He

Atomic number 2

                                         invisible

                       odour-, colour- and tasteless

second frequent element in the universe after hydrogen                                                     

                      main group 8, noble gas

Text No 1

Experiment

We did some experiments and documented them.We had a football that was filled with air. And one football that was filled with helium. Then we compared these two experiments and detected that the football with helium wasn’t so much lighter than the football with the air, even though helium is lighter than air. The density of helium is  0,0001785 g/cm³ and the density of air is 0,0012495g/cm³ so the density of air is 7 times higher than the density of helium, but the volume of the football is too small to make it fly higher compared to the football filled with the air.